孙信尧,王平,张宏,郭玉杰,郭飞

• 1:南京师范大学地理科学学院
• 2:南京师范大学江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心
• 3:南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室
• 4:南京航空航天大学航空学院

摘要(Abstract)：

无人机是获取地表数字图像和进行样品采集的重要手段，近年来在沉积学领域正逐渐成为一种新兴的研究手段，改变着沉积学的研究范式。然而，目前国内基于无人机的沉积学研究尚处在起步阶段，本研究拟回顾近年来无人机在沉积学领域研究中的重要应用，对所涉及的关键技术背景和存在的问题进行了讨论，总结并展望了未来的发展前景，以期对后续相关研究提供参考。主要从沉积露头的三维数字重建、高分辨率沉积结构和构造特征的提取以及无人机协助样品采集3个方面综述了无人机在沉积学应用中的软硬件要求及典型研究案例。利用无人机摄影测量技术构建数字露头模型，有利于从多个空间尺度和视角观察沉积露头的几何形态、沉积相与岩相组合情况，结合数字露头模型信息提取软件，可对粒度、交错层理和生物遗迹等沉积结构和构造特征进行大范围的远程而高效的提取，未来还可进一步应用于沉积学野外实践教学工作中。此外，对无人机本身进行改造，还能够协助进行冰心等沉积物样品的采集。应用无人机技术进行沉积学研究，具有低成本和高效率的优势，保证了数据的时效性和连续性，也提高了野外工作的安全性。但是，无人机技术在数据可重复性、点云处理以及图像与模型质量方面也存在着不足。未来可借助人工智能方法，以及通过制定无人机图像采集与处理流程的标准规范来进一步改善。

关键词(KeyWords)： 无人机;数字露头模型;沉积构造;粒度测量;样品采集

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41572154);; 江苏省自然基金面上项目(BK20211270)

作者(Author): 孙信尧,王平,张宏,郭玉杰,郭飞

DOI: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0145

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