王启林,张金阳,严德天,闵红,刘曙,李晨

• 1:中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院
• 2:上海海关工业品与原材料检测技术中心

摘要(Abstract)：

金属矿物微量元素对矿床形成过程和成因类型具有重要指示作用，目前对黄铁矿、磁铁矿及闪锌矿研究较多，黄铜矿微量元素特征鲜有报道。根据收集的斑岩型铜矿床(PCD)、岩浆型铜镍硫化物矿床(MSD)、沉积岩型层状铜矿床(SSC)、铁氧化物铜金矿床(IOCG)、喷流沉积型矿床(SEDEX)及火山成因块状硫化物矿床(VMS)铜精矿样品，结合资料，对黄铜矿开展了详细矿相学和LA-ICP-MS微量元素研究，揭示黄铜矿微量元素特征及其与矿床成因类型的关系。黄铜矿中Mn, Co, Ni, Se, Ag, Sn, Pb及Bi质量分数可达1 000×10~(-6)以上，Ga, Ge, Mo, Cd, In, Sb, Te, Au及Tl质量分数可达100×10~(-6)以上，说明黄铜矿是很多微量元素的重要载体。黄铜矿Sb-Tl, In-Sn, Pb-Bi及Mn-Ni呈明显的正相关关系，其中Sb, Tl, In及Sn主要以固溶体的形式赋存于黄铜矿，Pb与Bi以方铅矿包裹体的形式赋存于黄铜矿，Mn, Co, As, Te, Ag及Ni 2种赋存状态均有发育。PCD型和VMS型黄铜矿微量元素变化大，MSD型黄铜矿中Ni质量分数高，In质量分数较低，SSC型黄铜矿Ge质量分数高，Sn质量分数较低。Se在MSD型和VMS型黄铜矿中质量分数较高，在SEDEX型和SSC型黄铜矿中质量分数较低。Ni, In, Sn元素差异主要与不同类型岩浆作用有关，Se元素质量分数差异主要受温度控制，SSC型黄铜矿Ge元素质量分数高可能与成矿温度和赋矿围岩有关。因此，基于上述微量元素特征，Ni-Co和Ni-In图解可区分MSD型和其他类型，Ni-Se图解可区分SEDEX型，SSC型及VMS型，Ge-Sn图解可进一步区分SSC型和SEDEX型，Co/Ni-Ag/Bi图解可区分MSD型和PCD型，Zn-Sn/In在一定程度上可区分IOCG型和其他类型。这些首次系统地提出的图解将为判别矿床成因类型提供新的参考。

关键词(KeyWords)： 黄铜矿;微量元素;矿床成因类型;赋存状态;LA-ICP-MS;判别图解

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划(2018YFF0215402);; 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41572048)

作者(Author): 王启林,张金阳,严德天,闵红,刘曙,李晨

DOI: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0090

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 赵振华，严爽.矿物：成矿与找矿[J].岩石学报，2019,35(1):31-68.Zhao Z H,Yan S.Minerals and relevant metallogeny and exploration[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2019,35(1):31-68(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [2] Bralia A G,Sabatini G,Troja F.A revaluation of the Co/Ni ratio in pyrite as geochemical tool in ore genesis problems[J].Mineralium Deposita,1979,14(3):353-374.
• [3] Bajwah Z U,Seccombe P K,Offler R.Trace element distribution,Co:Ni ratios and genesis of the Big Cadia iron-copper deposit,New South Wales,Australia[J].Mineralium Deposita,1987,22(4):292-300.
• [4] Brill B A.Trace-element contents and partitioning of elements in ore minerals from the CSA Cu-Pb-Zn deposit,Australia[J].Canadian Mineralogist,1989,27:263-274.
• [5] 宋学信，张景凯.中国各种成因黄铁矿的微量元素特征[C]//佚名.中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所文集(18).北京：地质出版社，1986.Song X X,Zhang J K.Minor elements in pyrites of various genetic types from China[C]//Bulletin of the Institute of Mineral Deposits Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1986(in Chinese).
• [6] 冷成彪.滇西北红山铜多金属矿床的成因类型：黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿LA-ICPMS微量元素制约[J].地学前缘，2017,24(6):162-175.Leng C B.Genesis of Hongshan Cu polymetallic large deposit in the Zhongdian area,NW Yunnan:Constraints from LA-ICPMS trace elements of pyrite and pyrrhotite[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2017,24(6):162-175(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [7] 严育通，李胜荣，贾宝剑，等.中国不同成因类型金矿床的黄铁矿成分标型特征及统计分析[J].地学前缘，2012,19(4):214-226.Yan Y T,Li S R,Jia B J,et al.Composition typomorphic characteristics and statistic analysis of pyrite in gold deposits of different genetic types[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(4):214-226(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [8] Gregory D D,Cracknell M J,Large R R,et al.Distinguishing ore deposit type and barren sedimentary pyrite using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry trace element data and statistical analysis of large data sets[J].Economic Geology,2019,114(4):771-786.
• [9] Huston D L,Sie S H,Suter G F,et al.Trace elements in sulfide minerals from eastern Australian volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits,Part II.Selenium levels in pyrite:Comparison with δ34S values and implications for the source of sulfur in volcanogenic hydrothermal systems[J].Economic Geology,1995,90(5):1167-1196.
• [10] Fitzpatrick A J.The measurement of the Se/S ratios in sulphide minerals and their application to ore deposit studies[D].Ontario:Queen′s University,2008.
• [11] Dupuis C,Beaudoin G.Discriminant diagrams for iron oxide trace element fingerprinting of mineral deposit types[J].Mineralium Deposita,2011,46(4):319-335.
• [12] Nadoll P,Angerer T,Mauk J L,et al.The chemistry of hydrothermal magnetite:A review[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2014,61:1-32.
• [13] Wen G,Li J W,Hofstra A H,et al.Hydrothermal reequilibration of igneous magnetite in altered granitic plutons and its implications for magnetite classification schemes:Insights from the Handan-Xingtai iron district,North China Craton[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2017,213:255-270.
• [14] Makvandi S,Ghasemzadeh-Barvarz M,Beaudoin G,et al.Partial least squares-discriminant analysis of trace element compositions of magnetite from various VMS deposit subtypes:Application to mineral exploration[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2016,78:388-408.
• [15] Huang X W,Sappin A A,Boutroy é,et al.Trace element composition of igneous and hydrothermal magnetite from porphyry deposits:Relationship to deposit subtypes and magmatic affinity[J].Economic Geology,2019,114(5):917-952.
• [16] Huang X W,Boutroy é,Makvandi S,et al.Trace element composition of iron oxides from IOCG and IOA deposits:Relationship to hydrothermal alteration and deposit subtypes[J].Mineralium Deposita,2019,54(4):525-552.
• [17] Zhang Q.Trace elements in galena and sphalerite and their geochemical significance in distinguishing the genetic types of Pb-Zn ore deposits[J].Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,1987,6(2):177-190.
• [18] Ye L,Cook N J,Ciobanu C L,et al.Trace and minor elements in sphalerite from base metal deposits in South China:A LA-ICPMS study[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2011,39(4):188-217.
• [19] Frenzel M,Hirsch T,Gutzmer J.Gallium,germanium,indium,and other trace and minor elements in sphalerite as a function of deposit type:A meta-analysis[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2016,76:52-78.
• [20] George L L,Cook N J,Crowe B B P,et al.Trace elements in hydrothermal chalcopyrite[J].Mineralogical Magazine,2018,82(1):59-88.
• [21] 陈殿芬.我国一些铜镍硫化物矿床主要金属矿物的特征[J].岩石矿物学杂志，1995,14(4):345-354.Chen D F.Characteristics of main metallic minerals in some copper-nickel sulfide deposits of China[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,1995,14(4):345-354(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [22] Duran C J,Dubé-Loubert H,Pagé P,et al.Applications of trace element chemistry of pyrite and chalcopyrite in glacial sediments to mineral exploration targeting:Example from the Churchill Province,northern Quebec,Canada[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2019,196:105-130.
• [23] Sylvester P J.Matrix effects in Laser Ablation-ICP-MS[M]//Anon.Laser ablation ICP-MS in the earth sciences:Current practices and outstanding issues.Jackson S E:Mineralogical Association of Canada,2008.
• [24] 李艳军，魏俊浩.铅锌矿床中微量元素富集及关键测试技术研究新进展[J].地质科技情报，2014,33(1):191-198.Li Y J,Wei J H.A review of trace elements enrichment in sulfides from Pb-Zn deposits and associated critical testing technology[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2014,33(1):191-198(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [25] Chew D,Drost K,Marsh J H,et al.LA-ICP-MS imaging in the geosciences and its applications to geochronology[J].Chemical Geology,2021,559:119917.
• [26] 栾燕，孙晓辉，刘民武，等.磁铁矿LA-ICP-MS原位微量元素分析方法研究[J].地质科技通报，2021,40(2):167-175.Luan Y,Sun X H,Liu M W,et al.Analysis method for in-situ trace element determination of magnetite by LA-ICP-MS[J].Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology,2021,40(2):167-175(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [27] Baker T.Alteration,mineralization,and fluid evolution at the Eloise Cu-Au deposit,Cloncurry District,Northwest Queensland,Australia[J].Economic Geology,1998,93(8):1213-1236.
• [28] Pollard P J,Taylor R G,Peters L,et al.40Ar-39Ar dating of Archean iron oxide Cu-Au and Paleoproterozoic granite-related Cu-Au deposits in the Carajás Mineral Province,Brazil:Implications for genetic models[J].Mineralium Deposita,2019,54(3):329-346.
• [29] De Haller A,Fontbote L.The raul-condestable iron oxide copper-gold deposit,central coast of Peru:Ore and related hydrothermal alteration,sulfur isotopes,and thermodynamic constraints[J].Economic Geology,2009,104(3):365-384.
• [30] Walker A T,Evans K A,Kirkland C L,et al.Tracking mineralisation with in situ multiple sulphur isotopes:A case study from the Fraser Zone,western Australia[J].Precambrian Research,2019,332:105379.
• [31] Zhang J Y,Lei H L,Ma C Q,et al.Geochemical and thermodynamical modeling of magmatic sources and processes for the Xiarihamu sulfide deposit in the eastern Kunlun Orogen,western China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2018,190:345-356.
• [32] Warnaars F W,Holmgren D C,Barassi F S.Porphyry copper and tourmaline breccias at Los Bronces-Rio Blanco,Chile[J].Economic Geology,1985,80(6):1544-1565.
• [33] Tapia J,Townley B,Córdova L,et al.Hydrothermal alteration and its effects on the magnetic properties of Los Pelambres,a large multistage porphyry copper deposit[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2016,132:125-136.
• [34] Pollard P J,Taylor R G,Peters L.Ages of intrusion,alteration,and mineralization at the Grasberg Cu-Au deposit,Papua,Indonesia[J].Economic Geology,2005,100(5):1005-1020.
• [35] Del Rio-Salas R,Ochoa-Landín L,Valencia-Moreno M,et al.New U-Pb and Re-Os geochronology of Laramide porphyry copper mineralization along the Cananea lineament,northeastern Sonora,Mexico:Contribution to the understanding of the Cananea copper district[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2017,81:1125-1136.
• [36] Love D A,Clark A H,Glover J K.The lithologic,stratigraphic,and structural setting of the Giant Antamina copper-zinc skarn deposit,Ancash,Peru[J].Economic Geology,2004,99(5):887-916.
• [37] Reed A,Cannell J.Implicit modelling of the Las Bambas deposits,Peru[J].ASEG Extended Abstracts,2018,2018(1):1-6.
• [38] 彭建，戴芳容，张敏，等.秘鲁特罗莫克铜矿SABC流程考查及优化措施研究[J].有色金属：选矿部分，2018(6):23-28.Peng J,Dai F R,Zhang M,et al.Research on the SABC process investigation and optimization measures in Peru Toromocho copper mine[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2018(6):23-28(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [39] Quang C X,Clark A H,Lee J K W.40Ar-39Ar ages of hypogene and supergene mineralization in the Cerro Verde-Santa Rosa porphyry Cu-Mo cluster,Arequipa,Peru[J].Economic Geology,2003,98(8):1683-1696.
• [40] 王宏，王疆丽，陈慕天，等.老挝川圹省Phu Kham铜金矿床地质特征及找矿方向[J].地质找矿论丛，2014,29(1):66-71.Wang H,Wang J L,Chen M T,et al.Geological characteristics and prospecting index of the PhuKham Cu-Au deposit in Xiangkhouang Province,Laos[J].Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research,2014,29(1):66-71(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [41] Haynes F M,Titley S R.The evolution of fracture-related permeability within the Ruby Star granodiorite,Sierrita porphyry copper deposit,Pima County,Arizona[J].Economic Geology,1980,75(5):673-683.
• [42] Pollock M V,Spry P G,Tott K A,et al.The origin of the sediment-hosted Kanmantoo Cu-Au deposit,South Australia:Mineralogical considerations[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2018,95:94-117.
• [43] 殷学清，林海涛，苏治坤，等.东川式铜矿的成矿作用及后期叠加改造：来自硫化物原位硫同位素的制约[J].矿床地质，2021,40(1):34-52.Yin X Q,Lin H T,Su Z K,et al.Mineralization and subsequent overprint history of Dongchuan-type copper deposits:Constraints from in situ sulfur isotope of sulfides[J].Mineral Deposits,2021,40:34-52(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [44] Zhao X F,Zhou M F,Hitzman M W,et al.Late paleoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic Tangdan sedimentary rock-hosted strata-bound copper deposit,Yunnan Province,southwest China[J].Economic Geology,2012,107(2):357-375.
• [45] Cailteux J L H,Kampunzu A B,Lerouge C,et al.Genesis of sediment-hosted stratiform copper-cobalt deposits,central African copperbelt[J].Journal of African Earth Sciences,2005,42(1/5):134-158.
• [46] Huston D L,Champion D C,Mernagh T P,et al.Metallogenesis and geodynamics of the Lachlan Orogen:New (and old) insights from spatial and temporal variations in lead isotopes[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2016,76:257-267.
• [47] Seccombe P K,Jiang Z,Downes P M.Sulfur isotope and fluid inclusion geochemistry of metamorphic Cu-Au vein deposits,central Cobar area,NSW,Australia[J].Australian Journal of Earth Sciences,2017,64(4):537-556.
• [48] 向鹏，王建雄，姚华舟，等.厄立特里亚比萨(Bisha)VMS型多金属矿床的研究进展及认识[J].地质科技情报，2013,32(5):118-125.Xiang P,Wang J X,Yao H Z,et al.Geological characteristics,tectonic environment and the type of Bisha volcanic-associated massive sulfide polymetallic deposit,western Eritrea[J].Geological Science and Tecnology Information,2013,32(5):118-125(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [49] Sánchez-Espaňa J,Velasco F,Boyce A J,et al.Source and evolution of ore-forming hydrothermal fluids in the northern Iberian pyrite belt massive sulphide deposits (SW Spain):Evidence from fluid inclusions and stable isotopes[J].Mineralium Deposita,2003,38(5):519-537.
• [50] Liu Y,Hu Z,Gao S,et al.In situ analysis of major and trace elements of anhydrous minerals by LA-ICP-MS without applying an internal standard[J].Chemical Geology,2008,257(1/2):34-43.
• [51] 孙颖超.赣南典型钨矿床、铅锌矿床中黄铜矿的矿物学研究[D].北京：中国地质大学(北京),2017.Sun Y C.Mineralogy of chalcopyrite from the typical tungsten and lead-zinc deposits in southern Jiangxi[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences (Beijing),2017 (in Chinese with English abstract).
• [52] Song G X,Cook N J,Wang L,et al.Gold behavior in intermediate sulfidation epithermal systems:A case study from the Zhengguang gold deposit,Heilongjiang Province,NE-China[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2019,106:446-462.
• [53] Del Real I,Thompson J F H,Simon A C,et al.Geochemical and isotopic signature of pyrite as a proxy for fluid source and evolution in the Candelaria-Punta Del Cobre iron oxide copper-gold district,Chile[J].Economic Geology,2020,115(7):1493-1518.
• [54] 李萍.云南武定迤纳厂矿床主要矿物地球化学特征及矿床成因探讨[D].成都：成都理工大学，2015.Li P.Geochemical characteristics of essential minerals and genesis of Yinachang deposit,Wuding,Yunnan[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2015 (in Chinese with English abstract).
• [55] Li R C,Chen H Y,Xia X P,et al.Ore fluid evolution in the giant Marcona Fe-(Cu) deposit,Perú:Evidence from in-situ sulfur isotope and trace element geochemistry of sulfides[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2017,86:624-638.
• [56] Li R C,Chen H Y,Xia X P,et al.Using integrated in-situ sulfide trace element geochemistry and sulfur isotopes to trace ore-forming fluids:Example from the Mina Justa IOCG deposit (southern Perú)[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2018,101:165-179.
• [57] 苏治坤.康滇地区大红山IOCG矿床成矿作用：矿物微区地球化学及年代学的成因启示[D].武汉：中国地质大学(武汉),2019.Su Z K.Metallogenesis of the Dahongshan Fe-Cu-(Au) deposit in the Kangdian region:Constraints from geochemical and geochronological microanalyses[D].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),2019(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [58] Mansur E T,Barnes S,Duran C J.An overview of chalcophile element contents of pyrrhotite,pentlandite,chalcopyrite,and pyrite from magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits[J].Mineralium Deposita,2021,56(1):179-204.
• [59] 陶兰初.维拉斯托多金属矿床硫化物LA-ICP-MS微量元素特征及其意义[D].北京：中国地质大学(北京),2017.Tao L C.In situ LA-ICP-MS trace element analysis of sulfides from Weilasituo polymetallic deposit and its significance[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences (Beijing),2017(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [60] Sun K K,Chen B,Deng J,et al.Source of copper in the giant Shimensi W-Cu-Mo polymetallic deposit,South China:Constraints from chalcopyrite geochemistry and oxygen fugacity of ore-related granites[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2018,101:919-935.
• [61] 吴胜华，孙冬阳，李军.柿竹园和香炉山W多金属矿床中硫化物微量元素特征：来自原位LA-ICP-MS分析[J].岩石学报.2020,36(1):245-256.Wu S H,Sun D Y,Li J.Comparison of trace elements in sulfides from the Shizhuyuan and Xianglushan W polymetallic deposits:Constrained by LA-ICP-MS analysis[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2020,36(1):245-256(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [62] 张永超.西藏查个勒铅锌钼铜矿床特征及成因：来自流体包裹体、矿物学、年代学和地球化学证据[D].武汉：中国地质大学(武汉),2019.Zhang Y C.Fluid inclusion,mineralogical,geochronological,and geochemical constrains on the characteristics and genesis of the Chagele Pb-Zn-Mo-Cu deposit in Tibet,China[D].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),2019 (in Chinese with English abstract).
• [63] Liu R,Chen G,Yang J.Compositions of Cu-(Fe)-sulfides in the 109 reduced granite-related Cu deposit,Xinjiang,Northwest China:Implications to the characteristics of ore-forming fluids[J].Geofluids,2020,2020:1-11.
• [64] Xie J C,Tang D W,Qian L,et al.Geochemistry of sulfide minerals from skarn Cu (Au) deposits in the Fenghuangshan ore field,Tongling,eastern China:Insights into ore-forming process[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2020,122:103537.
• [65] 于赫楠.VHMS型矿床矿物地球化学特征及成因意义[D].长春：吉林大学，2013.Yu H N.Mineral geochemical characteristics and genesis of VHMS-type deposits[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2013 (in Chinese with English abstract).
• [66] 张柏松.西南印度洋中脊龙旂、断桥热液区成矿作用研究[D].北京：中国地质大学(北京),2019.Zhang B S.Study of mineralization at the Longqi and Duanqiao hydrothermal fields,Southwest Indian Ridge[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences (Beijing),2019(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [67] Wang Y J,Han X Q,Petersen S,et al.Mineralogy and trace element geochemistry of sulfide minerals from the Wocan hydrothermal field on the slow-spreading Carlsberg Ridge,Indian Ocean[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2017,84:1-19.
• [68] Wang Y J,Han X Q,Petersen S,et al.Trace metal distribution in sulfide minerals from ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal systems:Examples from the Kairei Vent Field,Central Indian Ridge[J].Minerals,2018,8(11):526.
• [69] Revan M K,Gen? Y,Maslennikov V V,et al.Mineralogy and trace-element geochemistry of sulfide minerals in hydrothermal chimneys from the Upper-Cretaceous VMS deposits of the eastern Pontide orogenic belt (NE Turkey)[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2014,63:129-149.
• [70] Maslennikov V V,Maslennikova S P,Large R R,et al.Chimneys in Paleozoic massive sulfide mounds of the Urals VMS deposits:Mineral and trace element comparison with modern black,grey,white and clear smokers[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2017,85:64-106.
• [71] 董凯.甘肃白银厂铜矿成岩-成矿环境及其找矿意义[D].武汉：中国地质大学(武汉),2018.Dong K.Petrogenic,metallogenetic environment and its exploration significance in Baiyinchang copper deposit,Gansu Province[D].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),2018(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [72] Leach D,Sangster D,Kelley K,et al.Sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits:A global perspective[C]//Hedenquist J W,Thompson J F H,Goldfarb R J,et al.Economic Geology 100th Anniversary Volume 1905-2005.Littleton:Society of Economic Geologists,2005,100:561-607.
• [73] Groves D I,Bierlein F P,Meinert L D,et al.Iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) deposits through earth history:Implications for origin,lithospheric setting,and distinction from other epigenetic iron oxide deposits[J].Economic Geology,2010,105(3):641-654.
• [74] Hitzman M,Kirkham R,Broughton D,et al.The sediment-hosted stratiform copper ore system[C]//Hedenquist J W,Thompson J F H,Goldfarb R J,et al.Economic Geology 100th Anniversary Volume 1905-2005,Littleton:Society of Economic Geologists,2005.
• [75] Barnes S J,Staude S,Le Vaillant M,et al.Sulfide-silicate textures in magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide ore deposits:Massive,semi-massive and sulfide-matrix breccia ores[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2018,101:629-651.
• [76] Barnes S J,Mungall J E,Le Vaillant M,et al.Sulfide-silicate textures in magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide ore deposits:Disseminated and net-textured ores[J].American Mineralogist,2017,102(3):473-506.
• [77] Cook N J,Ciobanu C L,Pring A,et al.Trace and minor elements in sphalerite:A LA-ICPMS study[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2009,73(16):4761-4791.
• [78] George L,Cook N J,Ciobanu C L,et al.Trace and minor elements in galena:A reconnaissance LA-ICP-MS study[J].American Mineralogist,2015,100(2/3):548-569.
• [79] George L L,Cook N J,Ciobanu C L.Partitioning of trace elements in co-crystallized sphalerite-galena-chalcopyrite hydrothermal ores[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2016,77:97-116.
• [80] Maslennikov V V,Maslennikova S P,Large R R,et al.Study of trace element zonation in vent chimneys from the Silurian Yaman-Kasy volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposit (southern Urals,Russia) using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS)[J].Economic Geology,2009,104(8):1111-1141.
• [81] 徐净，李晓峰.铟矿床时空分布、成矿背景及其成矿过程[J].岩石学报，2018,34(12):3611-3626.Xu J,Li X F.Spatial and temporal distributions,metallogenic backgrounds and processes of indium deposits[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2018,34(12):3611-3626(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [82] 李晓峰，朱艺婷，徐净.关键矿产资源铟研究进展[J].科学通报，2020,65(33):3678-3687.Li X F,Zhu Y T,Xu J.Indium as a critical mineral:A research progress report[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2020,65(33):3678-3687(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [83] 叶霖，韦晨，胡宇思，等.锗的地球化学及资源储备展望[J].矿床地质，2019,38(4):711-728.Ye L,Chen W,Hu Y S,et al.Geochemistry of germanium and its resources reserves[J].Mineral Deposits,2019,38(4):711-728(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [84] Wohlgemuth-Ueberwasser C C,Viljoen F,Petersen S,et al.Distribution and solubility limits of trace elements in hydrothermal black smoker sulfides:An in-situ LA-ICP-MS study[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2015,159:16-41.
• [85] 唐大为.铜陵凤凰山矿田矽卡岩铜多金属矿床黄铁矿原位地球化学研究[D].合肥：合肥工业大学，2020.Tang D W.In situ geochemical study of pyrite from skarn copper polymetallic deposit in Fenghuangshan ore field,Tongling[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2020(in Chinese with English abstract).
• [86] Cook N J,Ciobanu C L,Brugger J,et al.Determination of the oxidation state of Cu in substituted Cu-In-Fe-bearing sphalerite via μ-XANES spectroscopy[J].American Mineralogist,2012,97(2/3):476-479.
• [87] Reich M,Kesler S E,Utsunomiya S,et al.Solubility of gold in arsenian pyrite[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2005,69(11):2781-2796.
• [88] Wu Y,Fougerouse D,Evans K,et a