叠层石衰减事件及臼齿构造碳酸盐岩作用幕——了解前寒武纪碳酸盐岩世界的重要线索Stromatolite Declines and Molar-Tooth Carbonates:Contributions to the Understanding of the Precambrian Carbonate World
苏玲;陈留勤;
摘要(Abstract):
叠层石和臼齿构造是前寒武纪较为引人注目的两种沉积现象。叠层石作为微生物碳酸盐岩的典型代表,在前寒武纪由于对叠层石的形成缺乏直接的微生物证据而成为一个"前寒武纪谜";臼齿构造复杂的宏观形态和奇特的微亮晶方解石填充物以及对其成因机制的持续争论而成为又一个"前寒武纪谜"。最新研究表明,叠层石形态种数量在元古宙达到繁盛的顶峰之后开始衰减,而仅产出于前寒武纪地层记录中的臼齿构造似乎总是以较高的丰度呈幕式发育于叠层石的衰减事件之后,在空间上臼齿构造多产出于比叠层石更深的水体环境。叠层石的衰减和臼齿构造的幕式发育历史可能主要与环境因素发生重大变化有关,而后生动物的竞争不是直接原因。
关键词(KeyWords): 叠层石衰减事件;臼齿构造作用幕;微生物碳酸盐岩;前寒武纪
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(4047206549802012)
作者(Author): 苏玲;陈留勤;
Email:
DOI:
参考文献(References):
- [1]Noffke N,Gerdes G,Klenke T,et al.Microbially induced sedi-mentary structures:Anewcategory withinthe classification ofpri mary sedi mentary structure[J].Journal of Sedi mentaryResearch,2001,71(5):649-656.
- [2]Pettijohn FJ,Potter P E.Atlas and glossary of pri marysed-i mentary structure[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1964:1-370.
- [3]Awramik S M.Precambrian columnar stromatolite diversity:Reflection of metazoan appearance[J].Science,1971,174:825-827.
- [4]Fisher A G.Fossils,early life,and at mospheric history[J].Proceedings ofthe National Academy of Sciences of the U-nited States of America,1965,53(6):1 205-1 215.
- [5]Walter M R,Veevers J J.Dating the 840-544 Ma Neoprot-erozoicinterval byisotopes of strontium,carbon,and sulfur inseawater,and some interpretative models[J].PrecambrianResearch,2000,100(1-3):371-433.
- [6]Riding R.Microbial carbonates:The geological record of calci-fied bacterial-algal mats and biofil ms[J].Sedi mentology,2000,47(1):179-214.
- [7]Grotzinger J P,James N P.Precambrian carbonates:Evolu-tion of understanding[M]∥Grotzinger J P,James N P.Car-bonate sedi mentation and diagenesis in the evolving Precam-brian world.Vol.67.[S.l.]:SEPM Special Publication,2000:3-22.
- [8]Awramik S M.Proterozoic stromatolites:The first marine ev-olutionary biota[J].Historical Biology,1999,13(4):241-253.
- [9]Riding R.Microbial carbonate abundance compared with fluc-tuations in metazoan diversity over geological ti me[J].Sedi-mentary Geology,2006,185(3-4):229-238.
- [10]Walter MR,Heys G R.Links betweenthe rise of the metazo-an and the decline of stromatolites[J].Precambrian Research,1985,29(1-3):149-174.
- [11]Riding R.Stromatolite decline:Abrief reassessment[J].Fa-cies,1997,36(1):227-230.
- [12]Grotzinger J P.Geochemical model for Proterozoic stromato-lite decline[J].American Journal of Science,1990,290:80-103.
- [13]陈留勤.地史中叠层石衰减机制综述[J].新疆地质,2007,25(4):365-367.
- [14]梅冥相.燕山地区中元古代高于庄组非叠层石碳酸盐岩序列的沉积特征及其重要意义[J].现代地质,2007,21(1):45-56.
- [15]Shields G A.Molar tooth microspar:A chemical explanationfor its disappearance si milar to 750 Ma[J].Terra Nova,2002,14(2):108-113.
- [16]Monty C L M.Precambrian background and Phanerozoic history ofstromatolitic communities:An overview[J].Annales de la SocieteGeologique de Belgique,1974,96(3):585-624.
- [17]Garrett P.Phanerozoic stromatolites:Noncompetitive ecologicrestriction by grazing and burrowing ani mals[J].Science,1970,169:171-173.
- [18]曹瑞骥,袁训来.叠层石[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2006:121-132.
- [19]Sepkoski Jr J J.Patterns of Phanerozoic extinction:A per-spective fromglobal databases[M]∥Walliser O H.Global e-vents and event stratigraphy in the Phanerozoic.Berlin:Springer,1996:35-51.
- [20]Schubert J K,Bottjer DJ.Aftermath of the Permian-Triassicmass extinction event:Paleoecology of Lower Triassic carbon-ates inthe western USA[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeocli ma-tology,Palaeoecology,1995,116(1-2):1-39.
- [21]Aitken J D.Classification and environmental significance ofcryptalgal li mestones and dolomites,with illustrations fromthe Cambrian and Ordovician of south western Alberta[J].Journal of Sedi mentary Petrology,1967,37(4):1 163-1 178.
- [22]Falkowski P G,Katz ME,Knoll A H.The evolution of moderneukaryotic phytoplankton[J].Science,2004,305:354-360.
- [23]Schopf J W.Patterns of Proterozoic microfossil diversity:Aninitial,tentative,analysis[M]∥Schopf J W,Klein C.TheProterozoic biosphere:Amultidisciplinarystudy.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1992:529-552.
- [24]Riding R.Evolution of algal and cyanobacterial calcification[M]∥Bengtson S.Earlylife on earth.New York:ColumbiaUniversity Press,1994:237-244.
- [25]梅冥相.前寒武纪“臼齿状构造”的一些认识:来自天津蓟县剖面高于庄组的信息[J].古地理学报,2007,9(6):597-610.
- [26]孟祥化,葛铭,旷红伟.微亮晶(臼齿)碳酸盐岩成因及其在元古宙地球演化中的意义[J].岩石学报,2006,22(8):2 133-2 143.
- [27]孟祥化,葛铭.中朝板块新元古代微亮晶碳酸盐岩中超微生物化石群的发现及其地质学意义[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2007,32(增刊),24-32.
- [28]乔秀夫,宋天锐.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列[J].地质学报,1994,68(1):16-34.
- [29]Pratt B R.Syneresis cracks:Subapueous shrinkage in argilla-ceous sedi ments caused by earthquake-induced dewatering[J].Sedi mentary Geology,1998,117(1-2):1-10.
- [30]Furniss G,Bittle J F,Winston D.Gas bubble and expansioncrack origin of“MT”structure fromthe Late Precambrian Belt-Purcell Supergroup[J].Journal of Sedi mentary Research,1998,68(1):104-114.
- [31]Bishop J W,Sumner D Y,Huerta NJ.Molar tooth structuresof the Neoarchean Montevielle Formation,Transvaal Superg-roup,South Africa.Ⅱ:A wave-induced fluid flow model[J].Sedi mentology,2006,53(5):1 069-1 082.
- [32]Seilarcher A.Vendobionta and Psammocorallia:Lost con-structions of Precambrian evolution[J].Journal of the Geo-logical Society,1992,149(4):607-613.
- [33]James N P.Molar-tooth carbonate:Shallowsubtidal facies ofthe mid to late Proterozoic[J].Journal of Sedi mentary Re-search,1998,68(5):716-722.
- [34]乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳.古郯庐断裂带新元古界[M].北京:地质出版社,2002:1-128.
- [35]Hofmann HJ,Aitken J D.Precambrian biota fromthe Little DalGroup,Mackenzie Mountains,northwestern Canada[J].Canadi-an Journal of Earth Sciences,1979,16(1):150-166.
- [36]颜佳新,伍明.显生宙海水成分、碳酸盐沉积和生物演化系统研究进展[J].地质科技情报,2006,25(3):1-7.
- [37]梅冥相,马永生,周丕康.碳酸盐沉积学导论[M].北京:地震出版社,1997:1-306.
- [38]孙枢.中国沉积学的今后发展:若干思考和建议[J].地学前缘,2005,12(2):3-10.
- [39]Burne R V,Moore L S.Microbialites:Organosedi mentary de-posits of benthic microbial communities[J].Palaios,1987,2(3):241-254.
- [40]王勇.“白云岩问题”与“前寒武纪之谜”研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(8):857-862.
- [41]梅冥相.从凝块石概念的演变论微生物碳酸盐岩的研究进展[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(6):12-26.