毛凯楠;解习农;

• 1:中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

深水峡谷广泛发育于大陆边缘,是沉积物由浅水到深水搬运的重要通道。近年来,深水峡谷研究成为当前深水沉积研究的热点之一。综合利用旁侧扫描声纳、海底锚系、地震技术和深水钻探等技术手段,在深水峡谷体系研究方面取得了丰硕的成果。其突出进展包括:从地貌学的角度对峡谷的形态学进行了精细描述;利用深海观测技术对现代峡谷沉积进行了原位观测;通过物理和数值模拟等技术再现了峡谷的沉积演化过程;从沉积学的角度对峡谷内部构成进行了精细分析,总结了沉积充填演化及沉积模式、探讨了峡谷成因等。深水峡谷作为深海区重要的沉积体系之一,一方面通过对深水峡谷中充填沉积物的分析能够提供丰富的古气候、海平面变化和区域构造演化史的信息;另一方面深水峡谷也是深水油气储层发育的重要场所之一,对深水油气勘探具有重要指导意义。

关键词(KeyWords)： 深水峡谷;峡谷形态;沉积模式;原位观测;物理和数值模拟;峡谷成因

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(91028009);; 教育部博士点基金项目(20100145110002);; 国家“十二五”重大科技专项(2011ZX05025-002-020-03);; 湖北省自然科学基金重点项目(2008CDA095)

作者(Author): 毛凯楠;解习农;

Email:

DOI:

参考文献(References)：

• [1]Cronin B T,Akhmetzhanov A M,Mazzini A,et al.Morphology,evolution and fill:Implications for sand and mud distribution in filling deep-water canyons and slope channel complexes[J].Sedimentary Geology,2005,179(1/2):71-97.
• [2]苏明,李俊良,姜涛,等.琼东南盆地中央峡谷的形态及成因[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(4):85-93.
• [3]吴时国,坂本泉.菲律宾海钱洲深海峡谷沉积作用与发育演化[J].科学通报,2001,46(增刊1):84-88.
• [4]Forel F A.Leravins sous-lacustre des fleuves glaciaires[J].C.r.hebd.Seanc.Acad.Sci.Paris,1885,191:725-728.
• [5]Forel F A.Leravins sous-lacustre de Rhne dans le lac Léman[J].Bulletin de la Societe Vaudoise Science Naturelle,1887,23:85-107.
• [6]Signorini R.Determinazione del senso di sedimentazione degli strati nelle formazione arenacea dell'Appennino settentrionale[J].Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana,1936,55:259-267.
• [7]Kuenen Ph H,Migliorini C I.Turbidity currents as a cause of graded bedding[J].Journal of Geology,1950,58(2):91-127.
• [8]Laursen J,Normark W R.Late Quaternary evolution of the San Antonio submarine canyon in the central Chile forearc(33°s)[J].Marine Geology,2002,188(3/4):365-390.
• [9]McHugh C M G,Damuth J E,Mountain G S.Cenozoic mass transport facies and their correlation with relative sea level change,New Jersey continental margin[J].Marine Geology,2002,184(3/4):295-334.
• [10]Antobreh A A,Krastel S.Morphology seismic characteristics and development of Cap Timiris Canyon,offshore Mauritania:A newly discovered canyon preserved-off a major arid climatic region[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2006,23(1):37-59.
• [11]Murray J,Renard A F.Report on deep-sea deposits based on specimens collected during the voyage of H.M.S.Challenger in the years 1872-1876[M].London:Government Printer,Challenger Reports,1891:525
• [12]Maslin M,Vilela C,Mikkelsen N,et al.Causes of catastrophic sediment failures of the Amazon Fan[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2005,24(20/21):2180-2193.
• [13]ZTMhlsdorff C,Wien K,Stuut J B W,et al.Late Quaternary sedimentation within a submarine channel-levee system offshore Cap Timiris,Mauritania[J].Marine Geology,2007,240(1/4):217-234.
• [14]Piper D J W,Shaw J,Skene K I.Stratigraphic and sedimentological evidence for late Wisconsinan sub-glacial outburst floods to Laurentian Fan[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2007,246(1):101-119.
• [15]Toucanne S,Zaragosi S,Bourill J F,et al.Activity of the turbidite levees of the Celtic-Armorican margin(Bay of Biscay)during the last 30,000years:Imprints of the last European deglaciation and Heinrich events[J].Marine Geology,2008,247(1/2):84-103.
• [16]Kevin T P,Jordi C.Mass-transport complexes(MTCs)and tectonic control on basin-floor submarine fans,Middle Eocene,south Spanish Pyrenees[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2005,75:761-783.
• [17]Babonneau N,Savoye B,Cremer B,et al.Morphology and architecture of the present canyon and channel system of the Zaire deep-sea fan[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2002,19(4):445-467.
• [18]Mayall M,Lonergan L,Bowman A,et al.The response of turbidite slope channels to growth-induced seabed topography[J].American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2010,94(7):1011-1030.
• [19]Jobe Z R,Lowe D R,Uchytil S J.Two fundamentally different types of submarine canyons along the continental margin of Equatorial Guinea[J].2010,28(3):843-860.
• [20]Harris P T,Whiteway T.Global distribution of large submarine canyons geomorphic differences between active and passive continental margins[J].Marine Geology,2011,285(1/4):69-86.
• [21]Baas J H,McCaffrey W D,Knipe R J.The deep-water architecture knowledge base:Towards an objective comparison of deepmarine sedimentary systems[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2005,11(4):309-320.
• [22]李铁刚,曹奇原,李安春,等.从源到汇:大陆边缘的沉积作用[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(5):713-721.
• [23]Deptuck M E,Sylvester Z,Pirmez C,et al.Migration-aggradation history and 3-D seismic geomorphology of submarine channels in the Pleistocene Benin-major Canyon,western Niger Delta slope[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2007,24(6/9):406-433.
• [24]Mayall M,Stewart I.The architecture of turbidite slope channels[C]∥Weimer P,Slatt R M,Coleman J L,et al.Global deep-water reservoirs:Gulf coast section SEPM foundation20th annual Bob F Perkins research conference.Tulsa:SEPM,2000:578-586.
• [25]Mayall M,Jones E,Casey M.Turbidite channel reservoirs:Key elements in facies prediction and effective development[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2006,23(8):821-841.
• [26]Smith D P,Kvitek R,Iampietro P J,et al.Twenty-nine months of geomorphic change in upper Monterey Canyon(2002-2005)[J].Marine Geology,2007,236:79-94.
• [27]Liu J T,Liu K J,Huang J C.The effect of a submarine canyon on the river sediment dispersal and inner shelf sediment movements in southern Taiwan[J].Marine Geology,2002,181(4):357-386.
• [28]Lee I H,Lien R C,Liu J T,et al.Turbulent mixing and internal tides in Gaoping(Kaoping)Submarine Canyon,Taiwan[J].Journal of Marine Systems,2009,76(4):383-396.
• [29]Peakall J,Amosa K J,Keevil G M,et al.Flow processes and sedimentation in submarine channel bends[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2007,24(6/9):470-486.
• [30]Shepard F P,Dill R F.Submarine canyons and other sea valleys[M].Chicago:Rand McNally,1966:381.
• [31]Twichell D C,Roberts D G.Morphology,distribution,and development of submarine canyons on the United States Atlantic continental slope between Husdon and Baltimore Canyons[J].Geology,1982,10(8):408-412.
• [32]Farre J A,MecGregor B A,Ryan W B F.Breaching the shelfbreak:Passage from youthful to mature phase in submarine canyon evolution[C]∥Stanley D J,Moore T G.The shelf break:Critical interface on continental margins,SEPM Special Publication No.33.Tulsa:SEPM.1983:25-39.
• [33]Monaco A,CourpT,Heussner S,et al.Seasonality and composition of particulate fluxes during ECOMARGE-1,western Gulf of Lions[J].Continental Shelf Research,1990,10(9/11):959-987.
• [34]Mullenbach B L,Nittrouer C A.Rapid deposition of fluvial sediment in the Eel Canyon,northern California[J].Continental Shelf Research,2000,20(16):2191-2212.
• [35]Liu J T,Lin H.Sediment dynamics in a submarine canyon:A case of river-sea interaction[J].Marine Geology,2004,207(1/4):55-81.
• [36]Galloway W E,Dingus W F,Paige R E.Seismic and depositional facies of Paleocene–Eocene Wilcox Group submarine canyon fills,Northwest Gulf Coast,U.S.A[C]∥Weimer P,Link M H.Seismic facies and sedimentary processes of submarine fans and turbidite systems.New York:Springer Verlag,1991:247-271.
• [37]Shanmugam G.Deep-marine tidal bottom currents and their reworked sands in modem and ancient submarine canyons[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2003,20(5):471-491.
• [38]Goodwin R H,Prior D B.Geometry and depositional sequences of the Mississippi Canyon,Gulf of Mexico[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1989,59(2):318-329.
• [39]Kottke B,Schwenk T,Breitzke M,et al.Acoustic facies and depositional processes in the upper submarine canyon Swatch of No Ground(Bay of Bengal)[J].Deep Sea Research Part II,2003,50(5):979-1001.
• [40]Green A,Uken R.Submarine landsliding and canyon evolution on the northern KwaZulu-Natal continental shelf,South Africa,SW Indian Ocean[J].Marine Geology,2008,254:152-170.
• [41]He Y L,Xie,X N,Kneller B C,et al.Architecture and controlling factors of canyon fills on the shelf margin in the Qiongdongnan Basin,northern South China Sea[J/OL].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2012,doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.03.002.