王明达;胡超涌;周炼;朱昌杰;

• 1:中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室
• 2:中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

大气降水渗入土壤,穿过围岩,将气候与地表环境信息导入洞穴滴水,最终被洞穴沉积物所记录,因而研究土壤、围岩与洞穴滴水的地球化学组成及3者之间的联系对了解气候和环境信号的传递以及石笋古环境信息的正确解译十分重要。通过对比清江地区和尚洞上覆土壤、围岩与滴水的元素及锶同位素N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)地球化学组成特征,进而调查土壤和围岩对洞穴滴水水化学的影响。结果表明:滴水的n(Mg)/n(Ca)、n(Ba)/n(Ca)、n(Sr)/n(Ca)及N87Sr)/N(86Sr)介于土壤和围岩之间,说明滴水物质组成来自土壤和围岩的混合;滴水的n(S)/n(Ca)大于土壤和围岩,说明有第三端元的混入,可能是大气硫沉降的结果。通过模型计算可知,土壤和围岩对和尚洞滴水各元素组成的贡献并不相同,贡献的相对大小不仅与元素本身的地球化学性质有关,而且随气候和环境而发生变化。

关键词(KeyWords)： 微量元素;87Sr/86Sr;滴水;物源;和尚洞;清江

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金重点项目(40531004)

作者(Author): 王明达;胡超涌;周炼;朱昌杰;

Email:

DOI:

参考文献(References)：

• [1]Fairchild I J,Treble P C.Trace elements in speleothems as re-corders of environmental change[J].Quaternary Science Re-views,2009,28(5/6):449-468.
• [2]Treble P,Shelley J M G,Chappell J.Comparison of high reso-lution sub-annual records of trace elements in a modern(1911-1992)speleothem with instrumental climate data fromsouthwest Australia[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2003,216(1/2):141-153.
• [3]Ayalon A,Bar-Matthews M,Kaufman A.Petrography,stron-tium,barium and uranium concentrations,and strontium anduranium isotope ratios in speleothems as palaeoclimatic prox-ies:Soreq Cave,Israel[J].The Holocene,1999,9(6):715-722.
• [4]Gascoyne M.Trace-element partition coefficients in the cal-cite-water system and their paleoclimatic significance in cavestudies[J].Journal of Hydrology,1983,61(1/3):213-222.
• [5]Hellstrom J C,McCulloch M T.Multi-proxy constraints onthe climatic significance of trace element records from a NewZealand speleothem[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000,179(2):287-297.
• [6]Fairchild I J,Borsato A,Tooth A F,et al.Controls on trace el-ement(Sr-Mg)compositions of carbonate cave waters:Impli-cations for speleothem climatic records[J].Chemical Geology,2000,166(3/4):255-269.
• [7]李彬,袁道先,林玉石,等.洞穴次生化学沉积物中Mg,Sr,Ca及其比值的环境指代意义[J].中国岩溶,2000,19(2):115-122.
• [8]Goede A,Vogel J C.Trace element variations and dating of aLate Pleistocene Tasmanian speleothem[J].Palaeogeogra-phy,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,1991,88(1/2):121-131.
• [9]Roberts M S,Smart P L,Hawkesworth C J.Trace elementvariations in coeval Holocene speleothems from GB Cave,southwest England[J].The Holocene,1999,9(6):707-713.
• [10]Baldini J U L,McDermott F,Fairchild I J.Structure of the8200-year cold event revealed by a speleothem trace elementrecord[J].Science,2002,296:2 203-2 207.
• [11]Land M,Ingri J,Andersson P S,et al.Ba/Sr,Ca/Sr and87Sr/86Sr ratios in soil water and groundwater:Implications for rel-ative contributions to stream water discharge[J].Applied Ge-ochemistry,2000,15(3):311-325.
• [12]Tatár E,Mihucz V G,Zámb L,et al.Seasonal changes of fulvicacid,Ca and Mg concentrations of water samples collectedabove and in the Béke Cave of the Aggtelek karst system(Hungary)[J].Applied Geochemistry,2004,19(11):1 727-1 733.
• [13]Hu C,Huang J,Fang N,et al.Adsorbed silica in stalagmitecarbonate and its relationship to past rainfall[J].Geochimicaet Cosmochimica Acta,2005,69(9):2 285-2 292.
• [14]Goede A,McCulloch M,McDermott F,et al.Aeolian contributionto strontium and strontium isotope variations in a Tasmanian spe-leothem[J].Chemical Geology,1998,149(1/2):37-50.
• [15]Verheyden S,Keppens E,Fairchild I J,et al.Mg,Sr and Sr i-sotope geochemistry of a Belgian Holocene speleothem:Impli-cations for paleoclimate reconstructions[J].Chemical Geolo-gy,2000,169(1/2):131-144.
• [16]Musgrove M,Banner J L.Controls on the spatial and temporalvariability of vadose dripwater geochemistry:Edwards aquifer,central Texas[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2004,68(5):1 007-1 020.
• [17]Bullen T D,Krabbenhoft D P,Kendall C.Kinetic and mineral-ogic controls on the evolution of groundwater chemistry and87Sr/86Sr in a sandy silicate aquifer,northern Wisconsin,USA[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1996,60(10):1 807-1 821.
• [18]Banner J L,Musgrove M,Capo R C.Tracing ground-water e-volution in a limestone aquifer using Sr isotopes:Effects ofmultiple sources of dissolved ions and mineral-solution reac-tions[J].Geology,1994,22(8):687-690.
• [19]Banner J L,Musgrove M,Asmerom Y,et al.High-resolutiontemporal record of Holocene ground-water chemistry:Tracinglinks between climate and hydrology[J].Geology,1996,24(11):1 049-1 053.
• [20]周运超,王世杰.贵州七星洞滴水的水文水化学特征及其意义[J].水文地质工程地质,2006,33(1):52-57.
• [21]周运超,王世杰.贵州将军洞上覆土层对滴水水化学特征的影响[J].环境科学,2006,27(10):1 986-1 991.
• [22]周运超,王世杰.贵州凉风洞洞穴滴水水文水化学过程分析[J].第四纪研究,2005,25(2):208-215.
• [23]周运超,王世杰.洞穴滴水的水文地球化学过程:贵州犀牛洞的研究[J].地球与环境,2005,33(2):23-30.
• [24]万军伟,沈继方,晁念英.清江半峡地区岩溶洞穴发育特征及其旅游资源[J].中国岩溶,1997,16(3):268-274.
• [25]Hu C,Henderson G M,Huang J,et al.Quantification of Hol-ocene Asian monsoon rainfall from spatially separated cave re-cords[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2008,266(3/4):221-232.
• [26]Johnson K R,Hu C,Belshaw N S,et al.Seasonal trace-element andstable-isotope variations in a Chinese speleothem:The potential forhigh-resolution paleomonsoon reconstruction[J].Earth and Plane-tary Science Letters,2006,244(1/2):394-407.
• [27]Hu C,Henderson G M,Huang J,et al.Report of a three-yearmonitoring programme at Heshang Cave,Central China[J].International Journal of Speleology,2008,37:143-151.
• [28]Chou L,Garrels R M,Wollast R.Comparative study of the ki-netics and mechanisms of dissolution of carbonate minerals[J].Chemical Geology,1989,78(3/4):269-282.
• [29]刘英俊,曹励明,李兆麟,等.元素地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1984.
• [30]张永清,凌文黎,李方林.峡东地区南华纪-寒武纪地层风化过程元素及Sr-Nd同位素演化特征及其地球化学意义[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2008,33(3):301-312.
• [31]郑永飞,陈江峰.稳定同位素地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
• [32]Dail D B,Fitzgerald J W.S cycling in soil and stream sedi-ment:Influence of season and in situ concentrations of carbon,nitrogen and sulfur[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1999,31(10):1 395-1 404.
• [33]Larssen T,Carmichael G R.Acid rain and acidification in Chi-na:The importance of base cation deposition[J].Environmen-tal Pollution,2000,110(1):89-102.
• [34]Frisia S,Borsato A,Fairchild I J,et al.Variations in atmos-pheric sulphate recorded in stalagmites by synchrotron micro-XRF and XANES analyses[J].Earth and Planetary ScienceLetters,2005,235(3/4):729-740.
• [35]Wynn P M,Fairchild I J,Baker A,et al.Isotopic archives ofsulphate in speleothems[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Ac-ta,2008,72(10):2 465-2 477.
• [36]Cowell D W,Ford D C.Hydrochemistry of a dolomite karst:the Bruce Peninsula of Ontario[J].Canadian Journal ofEarth Sciences,1980,17(4):520-526.
• [37]Bar-Matthews M,Matthews A,Ayalon A.Environmental con-trols of speleothem mineralogy in a karstic dolomitic terrain(Soreq Cave,Israel)[J].The Journal of Geology,1991,99(2):189-207.