碳酸盐岩不同孔隙类型储层特征及孔隙成因:以伊拉克西古尔纳油田中白垩统Mishrif组为例Characteristics of Different Pore Type Carbonate Reservoirs and Pore Origins:A Case Study of Middle Cretaceous Mishrif Formation in West Qurna Oilfield,Iraq
刘航宇;田中元;郭睿;邓亚;王军;李大伟;衣丽萍;
摘要(Abstract):
伊拉克西古尔纳油田中白垩统Mishrif组孔隙型生屑灰岩储层岩石类型、孔隙类型复杂多样,非均质性强。利用薄片、物性和压汞测试等技术手段,识别孔隙类型,基于主控孔隙类型划分储层类型,研究不同孔隙类型储层特征和孔隙成因。研究区主要发育粒内孔、铸模孔、残余铸模孔、粒间孔、微孔、晶间孔。在目的层不同孔隙类型易伴生出现的背景下,根据主控孔隙类型,将Mishrif组划分为6种储层类型:残余铸模孔储层、粒内孔储层、微孔储层、铸模孔储层、混合孔储层和粒间孔储层,其中铸模孔储层和微孔储层最发育,混合孔储层、粒内孔储层和残余铸模孔储层较发育,粒间孔储层发育相对少。每类储层包含多种岩石类型和生屑类型,具有相似的物性和孔隙结构特征,揭示了孔隙类型的差异是造成储层强非均质性的重要原因。各类孔隙形成演化受控于沉积环境和以溶蚀作用为主的多种成岩作用,不同沉积环境控制着泥质含量、生屑结构、种类和丰度的差异,是控制孔隙类型的因素;溶蚀作用受生屑化学组分影响,是控制孔隙形成的主要原因,同生期泥晶化作用、埋藏期胶结作用、压实作用和白云石化作用不同程度地改造了孔隙。
关键词(KeyWords): 西古尔纳油田;碳酸盐岩;孔隙类型;储层特征;孔隙成因
基金项目(Foundation): 国家科技重大专项“伊拉克大型生物碎屑灰岩油藏注水开发关键技术研究与应用”(2017ZX05030-001)
作者(Author): 刘航宇;田中元;郭睿;邓亚;王军;李大伟;衣丽萍;
Email:
DOI: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2018.0619
参考文献(References):
- [1] Halbouty M T.Giant oil and gas fields of the decade 1990-1999[J].Gsw Books,2003,78(26):9635-9643.
- [2]金之钧.中国海相碳酸盐岩层系油气勘探特殊性问题[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):15-22.
- [3]罗平,张静,刘伟,等.中国海相碳酸盐岩油气储层基本特征[J].地学前缘,2008,15(1):36-50.
- [4]汪娟,杜洋,熊舒,等.伊拉克中部A油田上白垩统Khasib组储层流动单元研究[J].地质科技情报,2016,35(5):154-162.
- [5]穆龙新,潘校华,田作基,等.中国石油公司海外油气资源战略[J].石油学报,2013,34(5):1023-1030.
- [6]何伶,赵伦,李建新,等.碳酸盐岩储集层复杂孔渗关系及影响因素:以滨里海盆地台地相为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(2):225-234.
- [7]焦伟伟,李建交,田磊.中国海相碳酸盐岩优质储层形成的地质条件[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(6):64-70.
- [8]朱东亚,孟庆强,金之钧,等.复合成因碳酸盐岩储层及其动态发育过程:以塔河地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩为例[J].天然气地球科学,2012,23(1):26-35.
- [9] Lucia F J.Carbonate reservoir characterization[M].Berlin:Springer,2007.
- [10]马永生,蔡勋育,赵培荣.深层、超深层碳酸盐岩油气储层形成机理研究综述[J].地学前缘,2011,18(4):181-192.
- [11]张学丰,石开波,刘波,等.保持性成岩作用与深部碳酸盐岩储层孔隙的保存[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(2):80-85.
- [12]杨敬红,李雄炎,秦瑞宝,等.碳酸盐岩储层孔喉结构和储层参数的分析与反演[J].地质科技情报,2013,32(2):118-123.
- [13]周文,郭睿,伏美燕,等.伊拉克艾哈代布油田白垩系生物铸模孔及体腔孔发育的灰岩储层特征及成因分析[J].岩石学报,2014,30(3):813-821.
- [14]Sharland P R,Archer R,Casey D M.Arabian plate sequence stratigraphy[J].GeoArabia,2004,9(1):199-214.
- [15]Esrafili-Dizaji B,Rahimpour-Bonab H.Effects of depositional and diagenetic characteristics on carbonate reservoir quality:A case study from the South Pars gas field in the Persian Gulf[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2009,15(4):325-344.
- [16]Almutury W G,Al-Asadi M M.Tectonostratigraphic history of Mesopotamian passive margin during Mesozoic and Cenozoic,South Iraq[J].Journal of Kirkuk University-Scientific Studies,2008,3(1):31-50.
- [17]Ameen M S.Effect of basement tectonics on hydrocarbon generation,migration,and accumulation in Northern Iraq[J].AAPG Bulletin,1992,76(3):356-370.
- [18]Azzam I N,Taher A K.Sequence stratigraphy and source rock potential of Middle Cretaceous(Upper Wasia Group)in west Abu Dhabi[C]∥Middle East Oil Show.[S.l.]:Society of Petroleum Engineers,1993.
- [19]Sadooni F N,Alsharhan A S.Stratigraphy,microfacies,and petroleum potential of the Mauddud Formation(Albian-Cenomanian)in the Arabian Gulf Basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(10):1653-1680.
- [20]Aqrawi A A M,Thehni G A,Sherwani G H,et al.Mid-Cretaceous rudist-bearing carbonates of the Mishrif Formation:An important reservoir sequence in the Mesopotamian basin,Iraq[J].Journal of Petroleum Geology,1998,21(1):57-82.
- [21]高计县,田昌炳,张为民,等.伊拉克鲁迈拉油田Mishrif组碳酸盐岩储层特征及成因[J].石油学报,2013,34(5):843-852.
- [22]Aqrawi A A M,Goff J C,Horbury A D,et al.The petroleum geology of Iraq[M].Iraq:Scientific Press,2010.
- [23]Alsharhan.Facies variation,diagenesis,and exploration potential of the Cretaceous rudist-bearing carbonates of the Arabian Gulf[J].AAPG Bulletin,1995,79(4):531-550.
- [24]Davies R B,Casey D M,Horbury A D,et al.Early to Mid-Cretaceous mixed carbonate-clastic shelfal systems:Examples,issues and models from the Arabian Plate[J].Geoarabia-Manama,2002,7(3):541-598.
- [25]Lny A.Making sense of carbonate pore systems[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(9):1381-1405.
- [26]Rahman M H,Pierson B J,Wan I W Y.Classification of microporosity in carbonates:Examples from Miocene carbonate reservoirs of central Luconia,offshore Sarawak,Malaysia[C]∥International petroleum technology conference.International Petroleum Technology Conference,2011.
- [27]Embry A F,Klovan J E.A Late Devonian reef tract on northeastern Banks Island,NWT[J].Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,1971,19(4):730-781.
- [28]邓亚,郭睿,田中元,等.碳酸盐岩储集层隔夹层地质特征及成因:以伊拉克西古尔纳油田白垩系Mishrif组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(1):149-157.
- [29]Scholle P A,Ulmerscholle D S.A color guide to the petrography carbonate rocks:Grains,textures,porosity,diagenesis[J].AAPG Memoir,2003,77(77):1-486.